QUOTE(Fan in Chicago @ Mar 9 2007, 09:28 AM) [snapback]934664[/snapback]
There are several inherent problems with the concept of electric plug-in cars. The stated goal is to reduce emissions. However, we need to not look simply at the car and its emissions but the entire energy chain by which a energy source is converted to electricity and used to power such cars.
Electricity is generated primarily by either nuclear or hydrocarbon based fuels. US power plants, overall, have a thermal efficiency of 33% (that much of the sources' energy gets converted to usable energy). Then the electricity is transmitted via the power grid resulting in further losses (not sure of the exact % of losses but it is likely around 30%). So looking at it holistically, the percent of energy converted is very low compared to on-site power generation or the ICE.
Secondly, it is debatable whether emissions are reduced or not for the planet. Coal and natural gas both pollute to varying degrees. Nuclear is clean and renewable energy sources are too expensive right now. We may find emissions lower on the road but concentrated at the power plants. Ultimately, I am not sure if the emissions per mile driven are better in plug-in cars.
Lastly, the world is consuming electricity at a fast pace. New power plants, upgrading of existing power plants is required just to keep up with the demand growth. Any growth of such plug-in cars will directionally make matters worse. I realize that adoption rates will be too slow for such cars to make any measurable dent in the electricity demand - but directionally it is still not correct.
From what I've read, electric cars do produce less emissions, even after taking into account the fact you'd burn coal or something to produce the needed electricity. A thought experiment should confirm this. Suppose everyone took their homes off the grid, and started using gasoline-powered engines/generators to provide electricity for their homes. What do you think this would do to the overall pollution situation?
The advantage to power plants over engines is that it's a lot easier to control pollution from a small number of big sources than it is to control pollution from a very large number of small sources.
Another advantage to coal over oil is that we don't have to import coal from the volatile Middle East. Besides that, if we managed to make the switch to electric cars, we'd be one step closer to weening ourselves from fossil fuels entirely. Future models could come equipped with solar panels, so that if they're parked in sun-soaked parking lots, or even stuck in traffic, they could be replenishing their batteries. They'd still need plug-in ability--especially in WNY--but the solar panels would make them even more eco-friendly.